Evaluación preoperatoria

Evaluación anestésica preoperatoria. Valoración del riesgo anestésico. Exploración y pruebas complementarias.

Esquema

Verdadero o falso – Respuestas

Preguntas tipo test

• Preguntas 01-10 – Respuestas
• Preguntas 11-20 – Respuestas
• Preguntas 21-30 – Respuestas
• Preguntas 31-40 – Respuestas

Bibliografía recomendada

1. Halvorsen S, Mehilli J, Cassese S, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2022 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular assessment and management of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J. 2022 Oct 14;43(39):3826-3924. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac270. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2023 Nov 7;44(42):4421. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad577. PMID: 36017553.
2. Thompson A, Fleischmann KE, Smilowitz NR, et al; Peer Review Committee Members. 2024 AHA/ACC/ACS/ASNC/HRS/SCA/SCCT/SCMR/SVM Guideline for Perioperative Cardiovascular Management for Noncardiac Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2024 Nov 5;150(19):e351-e442. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001285. Erratum in: Circulation. 2024 Nov 19;150(21):e466. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001298. PMID: 39316661.
3. Umesh G, Bhaskar SB, Harsoor SS, et al. Preoperative Investigations: Practice Guidelines from the Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists. Indian J Anaesth. 2022 May;66(5):319-343. doi: 10.4103/ija.ija_335_22.
4. Bierle DM, Wight EC, Ganesh R, et al. Preoperative Evaluation and Management of Patients With Select Chronic Gastrointestinal, Liver, and Renal Diseases. Mayo Clin Proc. 2022 Jul;97(7):1380-1395. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.03.023. PMID: 35787866.
5. Varley PR, Buchanan D, Bilderback A, et al. Association of Routine Preoperative Frailty Assessment With 1-Year Postoperative Mortality. JAMA Surg. 2023 May 1;158(5):475-483. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.8341.
6. Vernooij JEM, Koning NJ, Geurts JW, et al. Performance and usability of pre-operative prediction models for 30-day peri-operative mortality risk: a systematic review. Anaesthesia. 2023 May;78(5):607-619. doi: 10.1111/anae.15988. Epub 2023 Feb 23. PMID: 36823388.
7. Admass BA, Ego BY, Tawye HY, Ahmed SA. Preoperative investigations for elective surgical patients in a resource limited setting: Systematic review. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Sep 23;82:104777. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104777.
8. Mevorach L, Forookhi A, Farcomeni A, et al. Perioperative risk factors associated with increased incidence of postoperative delirium: systematic review, meta-analysis, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system report of clinical literature. Br J Anaesth. 2023 Feb;130(2):e254-e262. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2022.05.032.
9. Kristoffersen EW, Opsal A, Tveit TO, et al. Effectiveness of pre-anaesthetic assessment clinic: a systematic review of randomised and non-randomised prospective controlled studies. BMJ Open. 2022 May 11;12(5):e054206. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054206.
10. Zhang K, Rashid-Kolvear M, Waseem R, et al. Virtual preoperative assessment in surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth. 2021 Dec;75:110540. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2021.110540.
11. Steffens D, Ismail H, Denehy L, et al. Preoperative Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Associated with Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Nov;28(12):7120-7146. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-10251-3.
12. Cappe M, Laterre PF, Dechamps M. Preoperative frailty screening, assessment and management. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2023 Feb 1;36(1):83-88. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000001221.
13. Modha K, Whinney C. Preoperative Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery. Ann Intern Med. 2022 Nov;175(11):ITC161-ITC176. doi: 10.7326/AITC202211150.
14. Zietlow KE, Wong S, Heflin MT, et al. Geriatric Preoperative Optimization: A Review. Am J Med. 2022 Jan;135(1):39-48. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.07.028.
15. Berlin NL, Yost ML, Cheng B, et al. Patterns and Determinants of Low-Value Preoperative Testing in Michigan. JAMA Intern Med. 2021 Aug 1;181(8):1115-1118. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.1653.
16. Mudumbai SC, Pershing S, Bowe T, et al. Variability and Costs of Low-Value Preoperative Testing for Cataract Surgery Within the Veterans Health Administration. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 May 3;4(5):e217470. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.7470.
17. Antunez AG, Kazemi RJ, Richburg C, et al. Multicomponent Deimplementation Strategy to Reduce Low-Value Preoperative Testing. JAMA Surg. 2025 Mar 1;160(3):304-311. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2024.6063. PMID: 39813049; PMCID: PMC11904733.
18. Beckerleg W, Kobewka D, Wijeysundera DN, et al. Association of Preoperative Medical Consultation With Reduction in Adverse Postoperative Outcomes and Use of Processes of Care Among Residents of Ontario, Canada. JAMA Intern Med. 2023 May 1;183(5):470-478. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.0325.
19. Richards T, Baikady RR, Clevenger B, et al. Preoperative intravenous iron to treat anaemia before major abdominal surgery (PREVENTT): a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. Lancet. 2020 Oct 24;396(10259):1353-1361. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31539-7.
20. Komurcu O, Genc C, Kurt BC, et al. Preoperative evaluation: Impact on early perioperative hemodynamic and respiratory complications. BMC Anesthesiol. 2024 Nov 27;24(1):435. doi: 10.1186/s12871-024-02821-1.
21. Chung F, Abdullah HR, Liao P. STOP-Bang Questionnaire: A Practical Approach to Screen for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Chest. 2016 Mar;149(3):631-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.15-0903.
22. Fleisher LA, Fleischmann KE, Auerbach AD, et al; American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association. 2014 ACC/AHA guideline on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Dec 9;64(22):e77-137. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.07.944.
23. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Routine preoperative tests for elective surgery. NICE guideline [NG45]. London: NICE; 2020. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng45
24. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin (DGAI); Deutsche Gesellschaft für Innere Medizin (DGIM); Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chirurgie (DGCH); Zwissler B. Preoperative evaluation of adult patients before elective, noncardiothoracic surgery : Joint recommendation of the German Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, the German Society of Surgery, and the German Society of Internal Medicine. Anaesthesist. 2019 Feb;68(Suppl 1):25-39. English. doi: 10.1007/s00101-017-0376-3.
25. Gupta PK, Gupta H, Sundaram A, et al. Development and validation of a risk calculator for prediction of cardiac risk after surgery. Circulation. 2011 Jul 26;124(4):381-7. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.015701. Epub 2011 Jul 5. PMID: 21730309.
26. Entriken C, Pritts TA. Perioperative Pulmonary Support of the Elderly. Curr Geriatr Rep. 2021;10(4):167-174. doi: 10.1007/s13670-021-00369-3.
27. Bae E. Preoperative risk evaluation and perioperative management of patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a narrative review. J Dent Anesth Pain Med. 2023 Aug;23(4):179-192. doi: 10.17245/jdapm.2023.23.4.179.
28. Nijbroek SG, Schultz MJ, Hemmes SNT. Prediction of postoperative pulmonary complications. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2019 Jun;32(3):443-451. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000730. PMID: 30893115.
29. Chowdhury SR, McLure HA. Chronic kidney disease and anaesthesia. BJA Educ. 2022 Aug;22(8):321-328. doi: 10.1016/j.bjae.2022.03.005.
30. Canet J, Gallart L, Gomar C, et al; ARISCAT Group. Prediction of postoperative pulmonary complications in a population-based surgical cohort. Anesthesiology. 2010 Dec;113(6):1338-50. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181fc6e0a. PMID: 21045639.